University dropout in Morocco: Analysis of Profiles and Trajectories

Abstract

In a world marked by increasing competitiveness, the profile of graduates has become a major strategic concern for educational systems and national economies. The quality of training and the alignment of skills with labor market demands are now at the forefront of public policymakers’ priorities. At the same time, the phenomenon of school and university dropout remains a persistent challenge. It represents not only a loss in terms of human resources but also a significant financial burden for the state and society. In response to this issue, numerous scientific studies have sought to identify the determinants, manifestations, and consequences of dropout. However, the approaches adopted vary according to the theoretical frameworks employed and the contexts studied.

This work therefore aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the theoretical and empirical literature on this phenomenon. The objective is to synthesize the main existing contributions, identify points of convergence and divergence among studies, and highlight explanatory avenues that may further enhance the understanding of dropout in a changing educational environment.