Supply Chain Resilience in the Face of Global Crises: A Narrative Review of Resilience Strategies

Résumé

Recent global crises, namely: the COVID-19 pandemic, geopolitical conflicts, and natural disasters, have highlighted the structural vulnerability of global supply chains. While the literature on supply chain resilience has significantly developed since 2020, existing works often remain sectoral or focused on a single disruption, without offering a cross-sectional synthesis of strategies that can be mobilized in response to crises of diverse nature. This narrative review aims to fill this gap by identifying, through an analysis of academic literature (Scopus, Web of Science), the most documented resilience strategies and deriving the theoretical and managerial insights that follow. On a theoretical level, the results confirm that the resilience of supply chains relies on three complementary capabilities (absorption, renewal, and appropriation) whose combined activation conditions post-crisis recovery. On the managerial level, organizations would benefit from moving beyond a reactive approach in favor of a proactive integration of risk management, diversification of supply sources, digital technologies, and the development of human skills.