Confirmatory Factor Analysis of Work Engagement: Comparison of Two Competing Three-Dimensional Models

Abstract

The goal of this research is to verify that work engagement is composed of a high number of dimensions for 248 individuals that work as HR managers at companies in the Agribusiness sector operating within Morocco. To achieve this goal, two competing first order models with 3 correlated dimensions are compared using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) through PLS-SEM using SmartPLS. The results show the Psycho-Affective, Cognitive-Focused and Action-Persistent dimensions provided superior convergent validity (AVE) and discriminant validity (HTMT) as well as fitted the overall model (SRMR) better than another competing first order model constructed using the 3 correlated dimensions. Importantly, this comparison also highlights the significant difference in specification of individual items based on how they were defined as either having an affective or cognitive anchor. This study adds to the theory of work engagement by providing support for its multi-dimensional structure consisting of integrated and differentiated dimensions consistent with previously established theoretical frameworks. Additionally, this research adds to sociology by demonstrating the importance of comparing competing models to validate similar constructs. Finally, from a management perspective, it will be beneficial to have sustainable work engagement when there is a balance between effective, cognitive and behavioral components.